What we do, the first thing we need to do is to understand it. This is the case for management, and it is even more necessary to do mini storage hong kong management. This article describes 11 concepts, definitions and knowledge points that are closely related to warehouse management. I hope to start from the beginning, starting from bit by bit, and only make basic explanations and introductions, without expanding and in-depth. The 11 concepts are: warehouse and inventory, No. 4 positioning and five-five stacking, four-clearing and three-matching, four-understanding and four-meeting, 6S and five defences, and WMS.
1. Warehouse
To do warehouse management, we must first know what a warehouse is. Speaking of what a warehouse is, you may feel that it is too simple at first, but if you want to really tell the definition of a warehouse, there may not be many people.
Definition of warehouse
Warehouse is the general term for buildings and places where materials are kept and stored. This definition is indeed very simple, but there are three points in this definition that need our attention.
1) The function of the warehouse is to keep and store, and it is the warehouse for the purpose of keeping and storing
For example, a facility that transports or circulates materials is not a warehouse, but a workshop or assembly line.
2) The warehouse is for materials, and it is the warehouse that stores the materials
For example, a warehouse is used as an activity area for employees. Although it looks like a warehouse, this warehouse can no longer be called a warehouse.
3) Warehouse refers to the general term for buildings or places
In other words, a building does not necessarily have to be a warehouse, a house does not necessarily have to be a warehouse, and a place where materials are stored in the open air is also a warehouse. For example, an open coal yard.
2. Inventory
Warehouse is the general term for buildings and places where materials are kept and stored. So, what is inventory?
Definition of inventory
Inventory refers to materials that are temporarily stagnant in a warehouse. The definition of inventory is also relatively simple, but again, here are two points to draw attention to.
1) Inventory refers to the inventory in the warehouse
The inventory is stored in the warehouse. For example, products that are being assembled and processed on a production line cannot be called inventory. Of course, the warehouse mentioned here does not necessarily have to be its own warehouse. The inventory in our own warehouse is also the inventory in other warehouses. For example, the workshop warehouse (line side warehouse) stores workshop inventory, the supplier warehouse stores supplier inventory, and the customer inventory stored in the sales terminal warehouse.
2) It is the inventory that is temporarily stagnant
In other words, the inventory is static, and the inventory is at a fixed point in time. For example, the materials being processed and circulating on the assembly line are not inventory.
3. Four Positioning
4 Positioning, as the name suggests, is used to determine the location of materials. 4 positioning refers to a material storage management method that uses four numbers to indicate the location of materials in the warehouse.
The fourth positioning specifically refers to the positioning of the materials in the warehouse according to the four latitudes of warehouse, shelf, floor, and location, that is, warehouse number, shelf number, floor number, and location number 4.
Warehouse number refers to the warehouse number where the goods are stored; shelf number refers to the shelf number of the warehouse where the goods are stored; floor number refers to the floor number of the shelf where the goods are stored; the location number is Refers to the position where the goods are stored on the first floor. For example, if a material is stored in the first location on the second floor of the shelf F in the third warehouse, the fourth location of the material can be set to 3-F-2-1.
Of course, the library number, shelf number, floor number, and location number can be set by themselves. The code can be long or short, and it can be a number or a letter. However, the setting code must have a fixed coding rule, must not repeat the number, and keep consistent.
4. Five And Five Stacked
Five-five stacking, also called five-five stacking method, also known as five-five stacking method or warehouse management five-five method, refers to the five as the base number according to the characteristics of different types of materials, specifications, shapes, etc., respectively. Multiples of five (or multiples of ten).
Fifty-five stacking requires “five-five rows, fifty-five squares, five-five strings, fifty-five stacks, fifty-five layers”, so that the materials are stacked neatly, and they are packed in quantitative boxes or packs separately, which is convenient for counting, counting and checking. Pick-up and delivery to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the warehouse and effectively use the warehouse space.
So, how do you put this fifty-five percent line and fifty-five percent square? You can remember the following formulas: tall rows, big squares, short piles, legs with legs, small bales, long piles.
The main forms of five-five placements are: parallel five (five pieces placed horizontally), five upright (five pieces stacked straight), five-piece plum blossom five (five pieces arranged in a circle), three-two five (two pieces top three pieces or two pieces pressed three pieces) Pieces), One Four Five (One Top Four Pieces), Square Five (Length, Width Five Pieces Each), Cubic Five Pieces (Length, Width, Height Each Five Pieces), and Rows and Columns Five, Overlapping Five, Pressure Sewing Five, Vertical and horizontal five and so on.
5. Four Cleansing
The four clears of warehouse management refer to the clearing of the names, specifications, quantities, and dates of the materials at the warehouse site.
Siqing is aimed at the warehouse scene, and the scene needs to be clear at a glance.
The four-cleaning at the warehouse site is not only clear to the warehouse keeper, but also to others.
How can warehouse managers and others know the materials stored on site? Of course it is the logo, and only the logo. We need to determine the rules and templates of warehouse markings, and make clear and unified markings on the areas and materials specified in the warehouse. Only by doing this can we truly achieve clear product names, specifications, quantities, and dates.
Among the four clearings, one is the date clearing. If the product does not require high dates (such as hardware warehouses), then one date clearing can be reduced to three clearings (product name clearing, specification clearing, and quantity clearing).
6. Three Counterparts
Three pairing means that the accounts, cards, and objects can be matched, that is, the accounts, cards, and objects match.
Account is the inventory account of our warehouse; card refers to the material card at the warehouse site; and objects are the physical objects stored in the warehouse.
Ensuring that accounts, cards, and objects are consistent are the basic requirements and principles of warehouse management. I will talk about it in detail in the next article of this column, “5 Principles of Warehouse Management”, so I won’t go into details here.
7. Four Understand
That is, to manage the warehouse well, the warehouse manager must understand four aspects and must be familiar with the actual operation of the four warehouses.
1) Understand material names and specifications
The name and specification mentioned here do not refer to the name or specification of a specific material, but to know the meaning or meaning of the material name and specification.
2) Understand the basic properties and uses of materials
To be more intuitive, that is to say, know what the warehouse materials are used for. Of course, you don’t need to know it so deeply, but at least, you can’t think that sugar is used to soak in water.
3) Understand the storage conditions and requirements of materials
One of the basic functions of the warehouse is to ensure the safety of the materials stored in the warehouse. Regarding safety, at the very least, the materials stored in the warehouse should not be damaged or deteriorated. The prerequisite to avoid spoilage or deterioration is that we must understand the storage conditions and storage requirements of the materials.
4) Understand the business process related to the warehouse
This is easy to understand, and only after you understand the relevant processes can you know how to carry out warehouse operations.
8. Four Meetings
Four understanding refers to the theory, and the four meeting refers to the practice, that is, it requires hands-on operation.
1) Know the goods
In other words, recognize the materials in the warehouse, walk in the warehouse, and know what is on the shelf next to it.
2) Will convert
This point mainly refers to knowing the specification conversion relationship between each package, as well as how to convert, such as how many in a box, how many kilograms in a card board and a mantissa, and so on.
3) Will use warehouse equipment and tools
A qualified warehouse manager is at least able to use warehouse equipment and tools, such as flow machines, forklifts, and weighing equipment.
4) Will keep the maintenance tools and equipment
It is not enough to know how to use it. Warehouse managers need to know how to keep and maintain these tools and equipment (of course, it is a first-level and second-level maintenance).
9. 6S
5S and 6S have now become the most basic requirements for various types of on-site management, and of course, they are also the most basic knowledge that warehouse on-site managers need to master. There are many trainings related to 5S and 6S. Here I will briefly introduce them.
5S originated from Japan and refers to tidying up, tidying up, cleaning up, cleaning and literacy. Later, good people also got some S, such as safety, saving, etc., generally incorporating safety into 5S and becoming 6S: tidying up, tidying up, cleaning, cleaning, Quality and safety.
I will describe 6S in one sentence: sorting out and distinguishing between what is needed and what is not. Reorganize, place and mark the desired location. Clean up to make the scene clean. Clean and maintain the above 3S results. Accomplishment and develop good habits. Safety is no small matter, and do the three no harm.
10. Five Defenses
The five preventions of warehouses refer to the fire prevention, theft prevention, moisture prevention, insect prevention and rodent prevention of the warehouse.
Fire prevention
Check the fire-fighting facilities of the warehouse daily, learn to use fire-fighting facilities, keep the fire-fighting passages smooth, operate in accordance with the warehouse system and procedures, and turn off all power supplies that should be turned off when leaving the warehouse.
Anti-theft
frequently inspect the warehouse, check the tightness and firmness of doors and windows, and report any abnormal persons or events in time.
Moisture-proof
The warehouse is well ventilated, moisture-proof and mildew-proof. The materials are protected and placed as required, and the temperature and humidity are recorded (if required).
Insect prevention
Mosquito killer lamps and other insect pest devices are turned on and off as required to strengthen the management of pest-prone materials, especially expired materials.
Anti-rodent
Check the mouse trap once a day (whether it is placed, whether it is in good condition, whether it catches a mouse).
The five preventions of warehouses focus on prevention and prevent problems before they happen.
11. WMS
WMS is the abbreviation of Warehouse Management System. It is a specific form of enterprise warehousing informationization. To put it bluntly, WMS can be understood as warehouse management software.
Why do I specifically list WMS as the basic concept of warehouse management? Because WMS is currently becoming the most used warehouse management software, is becoming the most popular warehouse management software, and of course, it is also the most professional warehouse management software.
The biggest feature of WMS is the transformation from the traditional “result-oriented” to “process-oriented”, from “data entry” to “data collection”, and from “manual search for goods” to “oriented positioning and picking”.
WMS and automatic identification technology are inseparable. The barcode management system is used to control and manage the entire process of warehousing, and standardize the entire process of receipt, delivery, replenishment, collection, and delivery.